Convergence and Competition on the Way Toward 4G: Where are We Going?

机译：走向4G的融合与竞争：我们要去哪里？

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4G evolution includes improvements beyond 3G as well as nomadic and mobile versions of fixed broadband wireless access (BWA) systems, such as WiFi and WiMAX. The resulting trend is technological and application convergence in an increasingly competitive marketplace. This introductory paper to the Focused Session "Convergence and Competition on the Way to 4G" concentrates on three key contributing developments: IMT-Advanced, migration from fixed to mobile BWA, and handover between heterogeneous networks

机译：4G的演进包括3G以外的改进以及固定宽带无线接入（BWA）系统的移动版本和移动版本，例如WiFi和WiMAX。随之而来的趋势是在竞争日益激烈的市场中实现技术和应用程序的融合。本主题会议“向4G的融合与竞争”的介绍性论文重点介绍了三个关键的贡献性发展：IMT-Advanced，从固定BWA到移动BWA的迁移以及异构网络之间的切换

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《Radio and Wireless Symposium, 2007 IEEE》|2007年|P.265-268|共4页
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Ivanek; Ferdo;
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中图分类工业技术;
关键词
4G mobile communication; broadband networks; radio access networks; 4G evolution; IMT-Advanced; WiFi; WiMAX; beyond 3G; fixed broadband wireless access systems; heterogeneous networks; mobile BWA; Mobile communication; broadband communication; wireless LAN;

机译：4G移动通信;宽带网络;无线电接入网络; 4G演进; IMT-Advanced; WiFi; WiMAX;超越3G;固定宽带无线接入系统;异构网络;移动BWA;移动通信;宽带通信;无线LAN;

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7. High pressure matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization fourier transform mass spectrometry for minimization of ganglioside fragmentation11Abbreviations: Gangliosides are abbreviated according to the system of L. Svennerholm 1–3 as follows: GM1, Galβ1 → 3GalNAcβ1 → 4(Neu5NAcα2 → 3) Galβ1 → 4Glcβ1 → 1′Cer; GD1a, Neu5NAcα2 → 3Galβ1 → 3GalNAc β1→ 4(Neu5NAcα2 → 3)Galβ1 → 4Glcβ1 → 1′Cer; GT1b, Neu5NAcα2 → 3Galβ1 → 3GalNAcβ1 → 4(Neu5NAcα2 → 8Neu5NAcα2 → 3) Galβ1 → 4Glcβ1 → 1′Cer; GQ1b, Neu5NAcα2 → 8Neu5NAcα2 → 3Galβ1→3 GalNAcβ1 → 4 (Neu5NAcα2 → 8Neu5NAcα2 → 3)Galβ1 → 4Glcβ1 → 1′Cer; QP1 (in this case is a mixture of QP1b and QP1c), QP1b, Neu5NAcα2 → 8Neu5NAcα2 → 8 Neu5NAcα2 → 3 Galβ1 → 3GalNAcβ1 → 4(Neu5NAcα2 → 8Neu5NAcα2 → 3) Galβ1 → 4Glcβ1 → 1′Cer and QP1c, Neu5NAcα2 → 8Neu5NAcα2 → 3Galβ1→3 GalNAcβ1→ 4 (Neu5NAcα2 → 8 Neu5NAcα2 → 8Neu5NAcα2 → 3)Galβ1→ 4 Glcβ1 → 1′Cer. [O] . O’Connor Peter B, Mirgorodskaya Ekaterina, Costello Catherine E 2002

机译：最小化神经节苷脂碎片的高压基质辅助激光解吸/电离傅里叶变换质谱法11缩写：根据L. Svennerholm 1-3的系统，神经节苷脂的缩写如下：GM1，Galβ1→3GalNAcβ1→4（Neu5NAcα2→3） Galβ1→4Glcβ1→1′Cer; GD1a，Neu5NAcα2→3Galβ1→3GalNAcβ1→4（Neu5NAcα2→3）Galβ1→4Glcβ1→1'Cer; GT1b，Neu5NAcα2→3Galβ1→3GalNAcβ1→4（Neu5NAcα2→8Neu5NAcα2→3）Galβ1→4Glcβ1→1'Cer; GQ1b，Neu5NAcα2→8Neu5NAcα2→3Galβ1→3GalNAcβ1→4（Neu5NAcα2→8Neu5NAcα2→3）Galβ1→4Glcβ1→1'Cer; QP1（在这种情况下是QP1b和QP1c的混合物），QP1b，Neu5NAcα2→8Neu5NAcα2→8Neu5NAcα2→3Galβ1→3GalNAcβ1→4（Neu5NAcα2→8Neu5NAcα2c→3）Galβ1→4GlcNA12→8'Ner5NAcα2→8' 3Galβ1→3GalNAcβ1→4（Neu5NAcα2→8Neu5NAcα2→8Neu5NAcα2→3）Galβ1→4Glcβ1→1'Cer。

Convergence and Competition on the Way Toward 4G: Where are We Going?

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