Web services, service-oriented, and service-discovery architectures help developers solve complex business cases, reduce costs, risks, and time-to-market. The task of developers is challenged by the difficulty of guaranteeing interoperability with target web services, since the lack of information about the interaction protocol of dynamically discovered web services may lead to unexpected runtime failures. This paper proposes an approach to design self-adaptive service-oriented architectures. The approach enables clients to automatically adapt their behavior to alternative web services that provide compatible functionality through different interaction protocols. It uses an infrastructure that traces the successful interactions of the web services, automatically synthesize models that approximate the interaction protocols, and steer client-side adaptations at runtime.
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