Initial evaluation of the NPL caesium fountain frequency standard

摘要

An initial performance evaluation of the caesium fountain primary frequency standard at the NPL is reported. Improved magnetic shielding has resulted in the inhomogeneity of the C-field being below 1 nT and has enabled the observation of full-contrast Ramsey fringes. A direct evaluation of the fountain's stability in comparison to a hydrogen maser is shown to agree with the short-term stability inferred from the signal-to-noise ratio. The stability is consistent with the limit set by the local oscillator. The measurement of the frequency bias due to cold collisions is described, together with the associated uncertainty.