Heavy media cyclones (HMCs) are efficient, high-tonnage devices suitable for upgrading run-of-mine coal in the 50 to 0.5 mm size range. Unfortunately, industrial HMC circuits are often not optimized due to problems such as incorrect operating pressures, poor feed distribution, excessive media contamination, mismatched components, and improper density control. To avoid these problems, operating guidelines have been provided in this article that are useful for optimizing the performance of HMC circuits. The validity of these guidelines has been assessed by means of density tracer tests carried out at several coal preparation plants.
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