Abstract: First it is demonstrated in the continuous domain that least squares phase unwrapping can be expressed by Poisson equation. Therefore, solutions of the Poisson problem can be naturally employed to solve the 2D phase unwrapping. Then the error propagation in the least squares phase unwrapping is investigated by means of the Green's function due to the equivalence between the least squares and the Green's function methods. Because multigrid algorithm for solving weighted least squares equations can provide stable solutions with fast convergence, it is developed here to be a new synthetic algorithm with Branch Cut algorithm providing the weighting factors and the initial values as a change. The new synthetic algorithm combines the advantages of the Branch Cut and the Weighted Multigrid algorithm together and results on real X- SAR data of Etna mountain, Italy, finally confirm its stable and fast performance. !11
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