The signature of any vehicle does not exist as an entity in its own right, but depends on the environment, the interaction between the environment and the vehicle, and the background against which it is detected by a sensor. CAMEO-SIM was initially developed as a broad-band (0.4 - 14 micron) scene generation system for the assessment of air vehicle camouflage effectiveness, but it can be used to simulate any kind of object and its interactions with the environment. The thermal, spectral, spatial and directional effects of sources, surfaces and the atmosphere are modeled in a fully three-dimensional environment. CAMEO-SIM was designed to be a scaleable system that can produce images to different levels of fidelity. Rendering time can be balanced against the fidelity required so that the images produced are 'fit for purpose;' in its lowest fidelity operation it can create real-time in-band imagery but when operated at its highest fidelity the subtle, complex spectral and spatial effects that arise in the real- world are more closely captured. This paper describes the current system, details the verification tests that have been undertaken, and discusses the significance of particular effects such as shadows, and directional reflectance, on the accuracy of the final image.
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