Monitoring of Radionuclides in Nuclear Power Plant Supervised Areas and Ultra-Low Background Measurements of Radioactivity

摘要

The main radionuclides emitted, and the total amounts of radioactive releases to the environment are under continuous control in the supervised area of nuclear power plants (NPPs). In Ukraine, however, there are no regular and systematic measurements of ~3H and ~(14)C concentrations in air, precipitation and water ecosystems. This is explained by the fact that, based upon currently used models, the dose commitment from ~3H and ~(14)C is small compared with that from other radionuclides. The detection of low energy pure beta emitters is also made difficult by the high cost and complexity of the equipment.