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Far-infrared radiometers based upon high-Tc and low-Tc superconducting transition-edge thermometers

机译:基于高Tc和低Tc超导过渡边缘温度计的远红外辐射计

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Abstract: We describe two projects aimed at applying the great temperature sensitivity of superconducting thin films when biased at heir critical temperature to high sensitivity radiometry in the 10-50 $mu@m wavelength region. The first is a standards-grade system for installation in the NIST low-background infrared calibration facility. It employs thin-film Nb thermometers, and has an operating temperature of 9 K. This system's absorber is a large aperture Cu cone with a blackened interior, to which a thermometer chip is thermally grounded. The absorber and a thermal isolation platform are each thermally stabilized with separate active feedback loops that sense the resistance of their respective thermometers. Temperature control at the level of 1.4 nK has been achieved with this system. Power sensitivity is presently limited by 1/f noise to approximately 10 pW, approximately a factor of 4 better than the current system based on Ge thermistors. The second system is intended for high-sensitivity imaging arrays, and employs YBCO films on free-standing zirconia membranes. The operating temperature is 89 K for pure YBCO devices and in the range of 70-85 K for Co-doped YBCO devices, depending on doping level. The best measured performance on these devices is an optical noise-equivalent power of 1.1 pW/Hz$+1/2$/, with an associated 3-dB rolloff frequency of 130 Hz for the pure YBCO devices and 0.6 pW/Hz$+1/2$/ and 31 Hz for the Co-doped devices. These values represent the best performance, by approximately a factor of two in NEP and an order-of- magnitude in speed, ever reported for superconducting infrared bolometers operating at liquid-nitrogen temperature. !11
机译:摘要:我们描述了两个项目,旨在将超导薄膜在继承临界温度下的巨大温度敏感性应用于在10-50μμm波长范围内的高灵敏度辐射。第一个是用于NIST低本底红外校准设备的标准级系统。它使用薄膜Nb温度计,工作温度为9K。该系统的吸收器是一个大口径Cu锥,内部呈黑色,温度计芯片被热接地。吸收器和隔热平台分别通过独立的有源反馈回路进行热稳定,该有源反馈回路可感应各自温度计的电阻。该系统已实现1.4 nK的温度控制。目前,功率灵敏度受到1 / f噪声的限制,约为10 pW,比基于Ge热敏电阻的当前系统好约4倍。第二个系统旨在用于高灵敏度成像阵列,并在独立的氧化锆膜上采用YBCO膜。对于纯YBCO器件,工作温度为89 K,对于共掺杂YBCO器件,工作温度为70-85 K,具体取决于掺杂水平。这些设备上最佳的测量性能是光噪声等效功率为1.1 pW / Hz $ + 1/2 $ /,对于纯YBCO设备,其相关的3-dB衰减频率为130 Hz,而0.6 pW / Hz $ +对于Co掺杂器件,为1/2 $ /和31 Hz。这些值代表了最佳性能,在液氮温度下运行的超导红外辐射热测量仪曾经报道过,其性能约为NEP的两倍,并且速度约为一个数量级。 !11

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