DIRECT DETERMINATION OF METALS IN CRUDES AND HEAVY OILS BY INDUCTVELY COUPLED PLASMA ATOMIC EMISSION SPECTROMETRY (ICP - AES )

摘要

Most petroleum crudes, bottoms,residues and heavy fuel oils certain measurable quantities of nickel, vanadium,iron and other elements. The probleums associated with these metals are well documented . Nicklel and vanadium are deposited on the catalyst during cracking operations adversely affecting catalyst activity and selectivity. Metal contant on catalyst affects catalytic cracking yields by increasing coke decreasing gasoline and butanes-butylenes in hydrogen "make". Because of the adverse effects of these metals on some refining operations and products. Rapid accutate and precise methods to determine these elements in crudes and their products are essential Many methods have been published for determing metals is crudes oils and heavy oils. The most commonly used method is a try-ashing method where sample is burnt and calcinated into iorganic ash and then dissolved in aqueous solution for ICP anarysis.Merryfield and Runnels discuss the importance of the ICP as an analytical tool in the petroleum industry. They recommend direct analyses of oils using a 1/10 w/w dilution with xylene or 1/100 nonviscous solutions.