Vehicular Networking: ITS-G5 vs 5G Performance Evaluation using Road Weather Information

摘要

Safety of transport systems on roads has become the crucial developmental concern within the road infrastructure. The prevailing climatic situation plays a crucial role on transport safety and it is a key cause behind weather hazards in traffic, leading to accidents in northern regions of Europe and America. In this article, we present the test results of pilot road weather related services on a set of Vehicle-to-Infrastructure (V2I) communication scenarios by using ITS-G5 (IEEE 802.11p) and 5G test network with TCP and UDP. TCP/UDP are the transport layer connection orientated (TCP) and connectionless (UDP) IP protocols that define how information on internet can be exchanged. The Finnish Meteorological Institute (FMI) has a test track equipped with both Road Weather Stations (RWS) and a 5G test network (5GTN). These networks have the capability of supporting ITS-enabled road weather services in very realistic situations. We evaluated the performance of ITS-G5 and 5GTN with transport layer TCP and UDP. The performance is investigated by considering average throughput and lost packets. The analysis of transport layer protocols provides us a deep insight of vehicular networking and performance degradation factors. Even though IEEE 802.11p is specifically designed for vehicular communication, the soon-to-be deployed 5G technology would be able to offer the reliability to satisfy functional safety requirements with almost 80% of TCP data traffic. The evaluation indicated that the state-of-the-art 5G technology would be a better substitute to fulfill majority of the required features for vehicular applications, including latency, throughput and others.