Research on the flow field around muzzles usually assumes that the barrel is motionless, without considering barrel recoil. The present work studies the influence of gun recoil velocity on the muzzle flow field using computational fluid dynamics (CFD). Using the two-dimensional unsteady Navier-Stokes equations, combined with the high-accuracy AUSM+ discretization scheme and a structured dynamic mesh, unsteady numerical simulations are performed for the muzzle flow field including barrel recoil and are compared to experiment. Using the simulation results, the influences of three different barrel recoil velocities on muzzle flow field are analyzed. The results show that barrel recoil causes a reduction in the overpressure in front of the muzzle and increase in the overpressure in the rear area of the muzzle. The magnitude of these effects increases with the recoil velocity. The results of this investigation provide a reference for the design improvement of gun anti-recoil mechanisms.
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