Development and Characterization of a Transient Overvoltage Recorder in Distribution Networks

摘要

Transient overvoltages in distribution networks can be produced by direct and indirect lightning strikes, due to energization or de-energization of distribution networks, reactive compensation banks, distribution transformers, or transfer of transients from higher voltage levels through the capacitive coupling of distribution transformers. Therefore, the characterization of this type of transient overvoltages aims to adjust the design criteria of devices and equipment in the electricity sector, such as the level of immunity to galvanic or radiated coupling signals. In order to characterize these transitory phenomena, a new technological development is proposed, based on the appropriation of knowledge, which allows the generation of alternative recording and measurement techniques that help to propose solutions to problems in the equipment of the power system. In this regard, this article describes the development, evaluation, and characterization of a prototype for a transient overvoltage recorder in distribution networks. Initially, the design criteria and their implementation in printed circuit boards necessary to ensure the treatment and processing of the registered signals are presented. Subsequently, the frequency response of the compensated voltage divider, the time domain response of the galvanic protection, and the conversion and processing stage of the transient signal are analyzed; the firmware structure implemented in the processing unit, the prototype latency in offline mode, and the storage in SD card are also evaluated. Finally, the results of the test for the prototype under different overvoltages and operating conditions are presented.