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Evidentiality, Alethic Modality and Temporal Modifiers: The Case of Benlai vs. Yuanlai in Mandarin Chinese

机译:证据性,伦理方式和时间修饰语:以汉语普通话与元来为例

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In this paper, I re-examine yuanlai_2 'it turn out that', for which Wu (2012a) proposes a temporal semantics. Revising the temporal semantics proposed, I also argue that yuanlai_2 is evidential and simultaneously denotes alethic modality. Following Portners (2009) idea on the semantics of alethic modality, I propose the following: (ⅰ) yuanlai_2 presents a proposition which is undetermined with respect to the truth value at a time in the past of some reference time but which is true at the reference time, and (ⅱ) this temporal semantics follows from an epistemic modal base, while the ordering source is empty. The second point guarantees that yuanlai_2 is evidential (dependent on the epistemic modal base) but presents a fact, rather than an inference or conjecture, because of the empty ordering source. This proposal potentially separates evidentiality from epistemic modality.
机译:在本文中,我重新审视了Yuanlai_2“事实证明”,为此Wu(2012a)提出了时间语义。修改提出的时间语义,我还认为Yuanlai_2是证据,同时表示道德模式。遵循波特纳斯(Portners,2009)关于伦理情态语义学的观点,我提出以下建议:(ⅰ)yuanlai_2提出了一个命题,该命题在某个参考时间的某个时间相对于真值尚未确定,但在参考时间,并且(ⅱ)此时间语义源自认知模态基础,而排序源为空。第二点保证Yuanlai_2是证据的(取决于认知模态基础),但是由于空的排序来源而呈现事实,而不是推断或推测。该提议可能将证据形式与认知形式分开。

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