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Technology of Producing of Sodium Hypochlorite from the Concentrate of Reverse Osmosis Systems

机译:反渗透系统浓缩物生产次氯酸钠的技术

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One of the modern methods of water demineralization and softening for domestic and drinking purposes as well as for its preparation in industrial production is a reverse osmosis. This demineralization method is peculiar for its concentrates that are formed due to reverse osmosis membranes and nanofiltration technologies, the utilization of which continues to be an unresolved problem. The article deals with the solution of such problem to utilize those concentrates, which are obtained using reverse osmosis and nanofiltration units. In this regard, it seems promising to reduce the volume of technological concentrate at the first stage by its repeated concentration according to nanofiltration - reverse osmosis scheme. After that, the nanofiltration concentrate containing predominantly divalent Ca~(2+), Mg~(2+) and SO_4~(2-) ions is subjected to reagent treatment in the following sequence: first stage with barium compounds and second stage with carbonate and sodium hydroxide. Such sequence allows separating from the solution at the first stage practically insoluble BaSO_4 with its precipitation in the 1st stage vortex reactor and, further precipitation of slightly soluble in alkaline medium CaCO_3 and Mg(OH)_2 in the Ⅱ stage reactor. These insoluble BaSO_4, CaCO_3 and Mg(OH)_2 salts thrown off the mass balance are finally dehydrated using a filter press and subjected to subsequent sale as a market product or raw material. The obtained solution of sodium chloride is concentrated by 3-stage reverse osmosis resulting in a 0.8-1.0% aqueous solution (8-10 g/l) of sodium chloride solution, a high-grade raw material for the production of electrolytic sodium hypochlorite with 4-6 g/l concentration by chlorine equivalent.
机译:用于国内和饮用目的的现代化水脱矿和软化方法之一,以及其在工业生产中的制备是反渗透。这种脱蛋白方法是其浓缩物的特殊性,其由于反渗透膜和纳米过滤技术而形成的,其利用仍然是未解决的问题。本文涉及使用这些浓缩物的问题解决,这些问题使用反渗透和纳滤单元获得。在这方面,似乎有希望根据纳滤反渗透方案通过重复浓度降低第一阶段的技术浓缩物的体积。之后,含有主要二价Ca〜(2+),Mg〜)和SO_4〜(2-)离子的纳米过滤浓缩物在下列顺序中进行试剂处理:第一阶段与钡化合物和第二阶段用碳酸酯进行和氢氧化钠。这种序列允许在第一阶段实际不溶性Baso_4与其沉淀在第一阶段涡流反应器中的沉淀,进一步溶于Ⅱ阶段反应器中的碱性培养基CaCo_3和Mg(OH)_2的沉淀。这些不溶性BasO_4,CaCO_3和Mg(OH)_2盐抛出质量平衡,最终使用过滤器压力机脱水,并进行随后的市场产品或原料。所得氯化钠的溶液浓缩,浓缩3阶段反渗透,得到0.8-1.0%的氯化钠水溶液(8-10g / L)氯化钠溶液,一种高档原料,用于生产电解次氯酸钠氯当量4-6克/升浓度。

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