Safety Through Design: A BIM-Based Framework

摘要

BIM-based tools have been developed for attain the different Building Information Modeling (BIM) dimensions. However, in spite of the health and safety concerns those tools do not integrate the occupational risk prevention measures. So, in the scope of construction management the production of an integrated framework aiming an overall construction project, including in the 3D model and in the construction planning, the occupational risk prevention and the safety planning is needed. This work presents a BIM-based integrated framework that includes in the BIM model relevant information for risk prevention against falls from height during the construction phase. AH this information is used during the construction planning simulation, to optimize production and safety scheduling. It contributes to a design and construction phase with higher safety level, using the potentialities of a BIM model to obtain optimized results integrating in the design elements con-structability and safety requirements. The BIM model of a building was developed in detail in Revit-Autodesk, in which structural elements as well safety collective equipment was modelled as all the constructive details. A WBS - Work Breakdown Structure for the building was designed and the construction planning and the construction simulation were done with specific software. This simulation and visualization permit to identify hazards and risks caused by site constraints, construction sequences, and temporary structures, co-existence of different activities, manpower and machinery. In summary, with this integrated BIM-based framework it is possible to incorporate safety since the early stage of construction design and attribute to each detail the safety features and requirements, being all these elements related with construction planning. It is also important to remark the possibility of templates definition that permit the automatic extraction of safety procedures, which can be part of the safety plan and of the safety file of the building.