DROUGHT HAZARD ZONATION USING GIS BASED MULTI- CRITARIA EVALUATION APPROACH WITH REMOTELY SENSED DATASETS

摘要

Drought is an intricate phenomenon governed by several atmospheric factors such as precipitation, temperature, evapotranspiration, soil moisture, vegetation cover, stream flow etc. To monitor drought hazard, several criteria and factors will need to be evaluated. The main objective of this study was to evolve a drought hazard map with the selected five main parameters viz., standardized precipitation index, land surface temperature, soil moisture, evapotranspiration and normalized difference vegetation index during the monsoon period from 2002 to 2014 employing GIS aided multi-criteria evaluation (MCE) technique. To standardized the input data layers and deciding the factors weight for the MCE, analytical hierarchy process (AHP) approach was applied. Bundelkhand region of Uttar Pradesh was selected for this study, as drought is very frequent and dominant here. The results depicted that about 55.9% and 7.5% of the total area is classified under high and extreme drought hazard zone respectively however, about 36.59% of the total area found to be the least vulnerable (moderate to low) to drought hazard. Central parts of the region namely Jhansi, Mahoba, Jalaun and Hamirpur districts are highly affected by drought condition. Based on finding of this study we recommend the use of MCE techniques for effective and precise drought hazard zonation.