Corrosion and Erosion at Sea Coasts: The Cases of Ensenada, Mexico and Ashdod, Israel

摘要

The seacoasts played a dominant role in the development of maritime civilization since many assets of marine infrastructure e.g. ports, shipyards, power stations, desalination plants, highways, railways are located along the seacoasts. Reinforced concrete and carbon steel are the main engineering materials utilized for the construction of coastal installations. Corrosion in marine environments is an electrochemical process influenced by water salinity, concentration of dissolved oxygen, acidic rain and biofouling adhesion on ship and marine surfaces. Coastal erosion is produced by the forces of sea swelling, high tides strong winds and waves, and storm surges, causing coast destruction and loss of property. Cases of corrosion and erosion in the coasts of Ensenada, Pacific Ocean, Mexico and Ashdod, Mediterranean Sea, Israel are reported. The coasts of these two seas exhibit different conditions regarding their temperature, tide dynamics and volume and salinity. This work is the result of an academic collaboration between the University of Baja California, Mexico and the Sami Shamoon College of Engineering, Israel.