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INTERSTELLAR PROBE: REQUIREMENTS

机译:星际探头:要求

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Due to its potential for scientific discovery and overall fascination, the science community has been focusing on a dedicated Interstellar Probe mission since 1971. While there has always been general concurrence on the science and measurement requirements, the details have changed with technologies and scientific understanding of near-interstellar space. That understanding has been enabled by the in situ measurements by the Voyager 1 and 2 spacecraft as the Voyager Interstellar Mission (VIM), and complementary remote imaging of energetic neutral atoms (ENAs) by the Ion Neutral CAmera (INCA) on Cassini, from its vantage point at Saturn, and from the Interstellar Boundary Explorer (IBEX) in Earth orbit. The remote observations are leading to a much improved understanding of the constraints on the overall global interaction of the solar wind with the very local interstellar medium (VLISM) and point to many discrepancies with our current models and our previous assumptions about the heliospheric boundary region. Thus, reaching large heliocentric distances rapidly is an even more compelling driver than heretofore for an Interstellar Probe, but reliance on advanced technologies, which have not matured or have fallen short of expectations, have hindered serious planning for a near-term mission. Regardless of the propulsive means, what has emerged is a requirement for a small, but extremely capable spacecraft, not unlike the New Horizons spacecraft (< 500 kg launch mass), which recently flew by Pluto. A consensus on the driving science, corresponding required measurements, and the best means for obtaining the requisite data are required necessary to bound the solution space for a mission, which can be carried out in the "near-term" of the next two decades. Instrumentation mass and power must be accommodated on the spacecraft, which will also have a lifetime requirement of as much as 30 years, far in excess of previous mission requirements. The Committee on Space Research (COSPAR) has recently established a new Panel on Interstellar Research (PIR) to consider the next steps toward finally making such a dedicated Interstellar Probe mission a reality. Crucial tasks are to build consensus amongst the international scientific community for the appropriate scientific campaigns and measurements to be carried out for such a mission, taking into account the new and continuing scientific findings results from the outer solar system and beyond.
机译:由于其在科学发现和整体迷恋方面的潜力,自1971年以来,科学界就一直专注于专门的星际探测任务。尽管对科学和测量要求的看法始终是一致的,但随着技术和对科学的了解,细节已发生变化。近星际空间。旅行者1号和旅行者2号太空船作为旅行者号星际任务(VIM)进行原位测量,以及卡西尼号上的离子中性CAmera(INCA)对高能中性原子(ENAs)进行补充远程成像,从而使这种理解成为可能。从土星和地球轨道的星际边界探测器(IBEX)获得的有利位置。远程观测使人们对太阳风与非常局部的星际介质(VLISM)的整体全球相互作用的约束有了更好的理解,并指出了与我们当前模型和我们先前对日球边界区域的假设之间的许多差异。因此,与以前的星际探测器相比,快速到达较大的日心距是更引人注目的驱动力,但是对尚未成熟或未达到期望的先进技术的依赖阻碍了近期任务的认真计划。无论采用哪种推进方式,都出现了对小型但功能强大的航天器的需求,这与最近由冥王星飞行的“新视野号”航天器(<500千克发射质量)不同。为了限制任务的解决空间,需要在驾驶科学,共识的所需测量以及获得必要数据的最佳方法上达成共识,这可以在未来二十年的“近期”内进行。仪表的质量和功率必须容纳在航天器上,航天器的使用寿命也要长达30年,远远超过以前的任务要求。空间研究委员会(COSPAR)最近成立了一个新的星际研究小组(PIR),以考虑为最终实现这种专门的星际探测器任务而采取的下一步措施。至关重要的任务是要在国际科学界之间达成共识,以进行适当的科学运动和为此任务而进行的测量,同时要考虑到外部太阳系及其以外的新的和持续的科学发现结果。

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