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Numerical simulation of laser energy deposition near a wall

机译:壁附近激光能量沉积的数值模拟

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This paper uses numerical simulation to study laser energy deposition near a wall. Local thermodynamic equilibrium conditions are assumed to apply. The simulations solve the compressible Navier-Stokes equations using a finite volume based numerical method. Thermodynamic and transport properties of air are computed as functions of temperature and pressure. A predictor-corrector based shock capturing scheme is incorporated to account for the strong shock waves. Effects of orientation of energy deposition, maximum temperature of the energy deposition region, length of the energy deposition region L and distance from the wall d have been studied. The values of L and d used in the simulations are 1 and π/2. Vertical energy deposition results in symmetric reflection from the wall. The reflected shock wave is weak and does not affect the roll-up process as it passes through the core. Horizontal energy deposition results in asymmetric reflection from the wall. Also in this case the reflected shock wave is much stronger and does momentarily affect the core roll-up process as it passes through the core. However as it goes past the core the velocity induced in the vertical direction by the following expansion region is much smaller compared to the core axial velocity from right to left. So symmetry is restored about the laser axis and the core eventually rolls up producing the characteristic vortex ring in this case as well. Increasing T_0 results in stronger initial gradients that drive the flow and so shock formation, propagation and core roll-up become faster. Changing L keeping T_0 constant does not affect the initial gradients in the flow field. However, if d is also kept constant, then d/L decreases with increase in L. As a result, for a 2L simulation the wall seems to be relatively closer and the shock wave is still tear-drop shaped as it reaches the wall while for a L/2 simulation the wall seems relatively further away and the shock wave becomes spherical as it reaches the wall.
机译:本文使用数值模拟研究壁附近的激光能量沉积。假定适用局部热力学平衡条件。该模拟使用基于有限体积的数值方法求解可压缩的Navier-Stokes方程。空气的热力学和传输特性是作为温度和压力的函数进行计算的。结合了基于预测器-校正器的冲击捕获方案,以解决强冲击波的问题。研究了能量沉积的取向,能量沉积区域的最高温度,能量沉积区域L的长度以及与壁d的距离的影响。模拟中使用的L和d的值为1和π/ 2。垂直的能量沉积导致壁的对称反射。反射的冲击波微弱,并且在通过芯体时不会影响汇总过程。水平的能量沉积导致壁的不对称反射。同样在这种情况下,反射的冲击波要强得多,并且在穿过芯子时会暂时影响芯子的上卷过程。但是,当它经过岩心时,在随后的扩展区域中沿垂直方向感应的速度与从右到左的岩心轴向速度相比要小得多。因此,在这种情况下,围绕激光轴的对称性得以恢复,纤芯最终也卷起,形成了特征性的涡流环。 T_0的增加会导致驱动流动的初始梯度变强,从而使冲击的形成,传播和堆芯加速变得更快。改变L使T_0保持恒定不会影响流场中的初始梯度。但是,如果d也保持恒定,则d / L随L的增加而减小。结果,对于2L模拟,壁似乎相对较近,并且冲击波在到达壁时仍呈滴状。对于L / 2模拟,墙壁似乎相对较远,并且冲击波在到达墙壁时变为球形。

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