A multimarket approach to peak-shaving in Smart Grid using time-of-use prices

摘要

Multiple challenges in the power system, such as rapid increase in electricity demand, staggering growth in power plant construction and transmission network extension costs have caused a fast change in the power industry trend toward smart grid technologies. In addition, the increasing penetration of smart loads that are able to change their power consumption or operation state based on power system conditions (such as electricity prices) is the other important motivation for this change. One of the most popular smart grid technologies, especially in the distribution grid is the communication infrastructure which enables operation procedures such as establishing energy markets (e.g. active, interactive and transactive markets) in the distribution system. These markets enable several economic opportunities in the distribution system. Another beneficial gift of the smart grid communication infrastructure is increasing distribution system observability and controllability, which helps demand to actively participate in power system operations. In this paper, two aforementioned benefits of smart grid communications (distribution system markets and higher controllability) are combined together to reduce the system daily peak. An optimization is performed on the time-of-use (TOU) pricing patterns, and a multimarket approach is proposed for peak-shaving applications. Results show that both methods can help marketeers to reduce system peak more than a single-market approach. In addition, with the multimarket approach, the prices that are offered to consumers can be lower.