This paper is an inquiry into the past and present situation of energy poverty in Japan, especially around the year of the Great East Japan Earthquake. The result shows the aggravating energy poverty of low-income and vulnerable households, caused by the energy price escalation and lower income in the past decade. The paper employs a decomposition method and identifies the factors of changes in energy poverty after the 2000s. In the result, there are major changes of the driving forces to the energy poverty increase before and after the earthquake. After 2011, the income turns to the alleviating force, while the energy cost (energy price) becomes the factor of more importance in the context of energy poverty in Japan.
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