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Multi-Server Private Information Retrieval over Unsynchronized Databases

机译:通过非同步数据库检索多服务器专用信息

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Search histories contain detailed and sensitive information about people. Private information retrieval (PIR) aims to hide search histories from service providers by allowing a user to retrieve the wth record of a database without revealing w to the server. However, most known PIR schemes are either very inefficient (and therefore unlikely to gain traction in a practical sense) or reliant on some restrictive assumptions. In this paper, we consider an efficient class of schemes called multi-server PIR. Multi-server PIR assumes that the client communicates with multiple, non-colluding servers, each possessing an identical copy of the database. The current literature does not address the assumption that servers store perfectly-synchronized databases. This seems implausible, especially if servers are not meant to collude. We propose the first multi-server PIR scheme to return the desired record even when servers' databases are not perfectly synchronized. Our scheme asymptotically has the same computational and communication complexity as state-of-the-art PIR schemes for synchronized databases; this comes at the expense of probabilistic success guarantees and two rounds of communication. As a secondary result, our approach can efficiently process multiple concurrent queries in one round of PIR.
机译:搜索历史记录包含有关人员的详细和敏感信息。私有信息检索(PIR)旨在通过允许用户检索数据库的wth记录而不向服务器透露w来向服务提供商隐藏搜索历史记录。但是,大多数已知的PIR方案要么效率很低(因此在实际意义上不太可能获得吸引力),要么依赖于某些限制性假设。在本文中,我们考虑了一种称为多服务器PIR的高效方案。多服务器PIR假定客户端与多个非冲突服务器通信,每个服务器都拥有数据库的相同副本。当前的文献没有解决服务器存储完全同步的数据库的假设。这似乎是难以置信的,尤其是在服务器不打算串通的情况下。我们提出了第一个多服务器PIR方案,即使服务器的数据库没有完全同步,也可以返回所需的记录。我们的方案渐近具有与同步数据库的最新PIR方案相同的计算和通信复杂度;这是以牺牲概率成功保证和两轮沟通为代价的。作为辅助结果,我们的方法可以在一轮PIR中有效地处理多个并发查询。

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