An analytical model has been developed for the pressure waveform radiated underwater when an offshore steel pipe pile is struck by a hammer. The model is based on the coupled equations of motion for axial and radial vibration of a thin shell and yields frequency-dependent phase velocity and attenuation of these vibrations. A harmonic solution is obtained for the radiated sound pressure, using Junger and Feit's "Transform formulation of the pressure field of cylindrical radiators", which uses a Fourier Transform over vertical wavenumber. The model is applied to a comprehensively described measurement of a 6-tonne hammer driving a pile 32 m long and 76-cm in diameter. The pressure waveforms at horizontal range 12 m are examined at two mid-water hydrophone depths. The correlations between the model waveforms and the measured waveforms are high. For the main positive and negative peaks, the present model yields an average Peak-SPL of 219 dB re 1 μPa, which is 2 dB higher than the average of the corresponding measurements. Possible causes of this small difference are discussed.
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机译:针对用锤子敲打海上钢管桩时在水下辐射的压力波形,建立了解析模型。该模型基于薄壳轴向和径向振动的运动耦合方程,并得出频率相关的相速度和这些振动的衰减。使用Junger和Feit的“圆柱辐射器压力场的变换公式”获得了辐射声压的谐波解,该公式在垂直波数上使用了傅里叶变换。该模型适用于全面描述的6吨重锤子的测量,该锤子打桩了32 m长,直径为76 cm的桩。在两个水下水听器深度处检查了水平范围12 m处的压力波形。模型波形与测量波形之间的相关性很高。对于主正峰值和负峰值,本模型产生的平均峰值SPL为219 dB re 1μPa,比相应测量的平均值高2 dB。讨论了这种微小差异的可能原因。
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