French children's exposure to pollutants via ingestion of indoor dust

摘要

Background. Well identified for lead, dust ingestion has arisen as an exposure pathway of growing interest for other metals and semi-volatile organic compounds (SVOCs). Aims. Several research programs have been implemented in France to collect data on indoor exposure to lead, other metals, and SVOCs. Dust ingestion is one of the considered exposure pathways, in an integrated exposure perspective. Methods. Nested in a national lead exposuresurvey, a sub-sample of 484 children (6 months to 6 years) was constituted in order to obtain representative data for young French children. In each home indoor settled dust was sampled by a wipe in up to five rooms. As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Mn, Pb, Sb, Sr, and V were analyzed by ICP-MS after acid digestion. In addition, vacuumed dust from household vacuum cleaner has been collected. A part of these dust samples have been analyzed by GC-MS for semi volatile organic compounds including phthalates, polybromodiphenylethers, organochlorines, pyrethroids. Concentrations were estimated by taking into account the sampling design and the sampling weights. Published dust ingestion rates will be used to estimate pollutants intake via dust. Discussion. Keypoints to estimate children's pollutant intake via house dust from vacuumed and wiped dust will be discussed, including: children selection, sampling location, sampling technique, sample preparation before analysis, dust ingestion rate. Methodological choices will be discussed with respect to objectives but also with technical issues such as dust loading and consistency with dust ingestion rates when using wipes as dust sampling technique.