Background: Many studies have associated prenatal and postnatal pesticides exposure with neurodevelopmental impairments in children. South-Eastern Spain has been characterized for decades as a region of intensive agriculture where large amounts of pesticides are used to increase crop fields.Aims: To evaluate the association between postnatal exposure to pesticides and neurodevelopmental deficits in children. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study in 268 children 6-12 year-old from an agricultural community in South-Easternof Spain. A questionnaire was applied to their mothers to obtain the residential history from birth to time of interview. Residential exposure of children to pesticides was assessed using a distance-weighted measure of agricultural surface as proposed by Cornellis et al (2009) with an influence radio of 0-250 m, 250-750 m, 750-2500 m and 2500-5000 m. Children's addresses by year were geo-referenced taking into account residential history and circular rings with these radii were drawn around each geographical coordinate. Time-series of crop area per municipality and year, and land-use maps were used to develop each individual indicator. The Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-Fourth Edition was individually administered to assess general intellectual ability (Full Scale IQ) and specific cognitive domains. Linear regression models were used to assess the effect on neurodevelopment.Results: An increase in 10 hectares per year of influence of agricultural surface was associated with a decrease of-3.0 points (95% CI: -6.2; 0.2; p=0.069) in Full Scale IQ, adjusted for gender, child's age and maternal education. "Verbal Comprehension" and "Processing Speed" were the domains most affected for increase of pesticide exposure from agricultural surface (β=-3.4; p=0.035 and β=-3.2; p=0.028 respectively).Conclusions: Accumulated pesticide exposure as a function of pressure of crop fields could be associated with current neurodevelopment delay in children. Instituto de Salud Carlos Ⅲ (PI10/01101).
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机译：背景：许多研究表明，产前和产后接触农药与儿童神经发育障碍有关。西班牙东南部几十年来一直被视为集约化农业地区，该地区使用大量农药来增加农田。目的：评估产后接触农药与儿童神经发育缺陷之间的关系。方法：我们对来自西班牙东南部农业社区的268名6-12岁儿童进行了横断面研究。对母亲使用了问卷调查表，以获取从出生到接受采访的住所历史。按照Cornellis等人（2009）的建议，使用距离加权的农用表面测量方法来评估儿童在农户中的农药暴露情况，其影响无线电波范围为0-250 m，250-750 m，750-2500 m和2500-5000 m 。考虑到居住历史，按年份对儿童的住址进行了地理参考，并在每个地理坐标周围绘制了带有这些半径的圆环。每个城市和年份的作物面积的时间序列，以及土地利用图用于制定每个单独的指标。韦氏儿童智力量表（第四版）被单独管理以评估一般智力（全面智商）和特定的认知领域。结果：在农业表面的影响每年增加10公顷，与减少-3.0点有关（95％CI：-6.2; 0.2; p = 0.069）。全面智商，根据性别，孩子的年龄和产妇教育进行调整。 “口头理解”和“加工速度”是影响农用农药暴露量增加的最主要领域（β= -3.4; p = 0.035和β= -3.2; p = 0.028）。耕地压力的功能可能与目前儿童的神经发育延迟有关。萨洛德·卡洛斯三世研究所（PI10 / 01101）。
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