Spatial and temporal distribution of hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (SCPH) and the association with the major land uses in Minas Gerais, Brazil, from 1998

摘要

The hantaviruses are antropozoonoses cosmopolitan considered emerging diseases whose etiological agents are viruses of the family Bunyaviridae, genus Hantavirus. Disease transmission to humans is associated with wild and rural environments in which the rodent subfamily Sigmondontinae, SCPH reservoirs are present. In the state of Minas Gerais, in the Cerrado region of the rodent Necromys lasiurus has the highest prevalence of hantavirus infection and is associated with Araraquara virus. Changes in natural vegetation, where the man introduces plants of commercial interest are a new power supply to wild rodents, leading to the rapid increase of population in areas occupied by humans, which favors the epidemics. A retrospective observational study on the SCPH the period 1998 to 2007 and the major land uses in 1995-96 and 2006 was woked. Spatial analysis of the cases was performed by identifying clusters of local probable cases of infection related to SCPH in 1998 and 2007. For the perception of the factors studied, and variables SCPH major land uses in historical periods, 1995-96 and 2006, we analyzed the set of these two universes by the method of principal components analysis (PCA). The temporal distribution of cases of SCPH it was noted that these occurred throughout the year, however, with a higher concentration between the months March to August, with 76.5% (148 cases). The geospatial analysis showed that the were identified regions of the state with clusters of human cases of SCPH in Cerrado. The Principal Component Analysis indicates that the greatest association between cases and variables SCPH acreage of pasture and planted area of natural forests. The crops of corn, rice, beans and canesugar have limited influence in association with the cases. The inertia of the Principal Components Analysis was relevant to 79%. The Cerrado in Minas Gerais has a higher risk area for the appearance of cases of SCPH during the study period.