Wind power is an increasingly popular renewable energy. In the design process of the wind turbine blade, the accurate aerodynamic simulation is important. In the past, most of the wind turbine simulations were carried out with some low fidelity methods, such as the blade element momentum method. Recently, with the rapid development of the supercomputers, high fidelity simulations based on 3D unsteady Navier-Stokes (N-S) equations become more popular. For example, Sorensen et al. studied the 3D wind turbine rotor using the Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) framework where a finite volume method and a semi-implicit method are used for the spatial and temporal discretization, respectively. Bazilevs et al. investigated the aerodynamic of the NREL 5 MW offshore baseline wind turbine rotor using large eddy simulation built with a deforming-spatial-domain/stabilized space-time formulation and later extended the simulation to the full wind turbine including both the rotor and the tower. Li et al. conducted dynamic overset CFD simulations for the NREL phase VI wind turbine using RANS and detached eddy models.
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