Factors Determining Transit Access by Car-Owners: Implications for Intermodal Passenger Transportation Planning

摘要

Although walking is the dominant mode of transportation to transit facilities, there are variations bysocio-demographics, geography, mode of public transit used and other factors. There is particularly aneed to understand ways in which car owners who choose to use public transportation can beencouraged to carpool, walk or bicycle in the “first mile” and “last mile” of the transit trip, instead ofdriving. These considerations have implications for addressing cold start trips resulting from short drivesto transit facilities, active transportation strategies that may benefit transit users who currently drive,and in deriving solutions for shared transportation such as bicycle-sharing and car-sharing programs.Using data collected in the Chicago Metropolitan Area, we investigate how the mode choice for theaccess trip to bus and rail transit stops is related to costs, personal and household variables, tripcharacteristics, and neighborhood factors including crash frequencies, crime prevalence, neighborhoodracial characteristics, population density, roadway density etc. for persons in car owning households.The results suggest that while much of the choice depends on personal and trip related variables, someneighborhood level factors as well as the provision of parking at transit stations have importantrelationships to mode choice that can influence built environment factors such as density and policyareas such as the provision and operation of transit parking facilities.