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Effect of Scale on the Far-Field Pressure Skewness and Kurtosis of Heated Supersonic Jets

机译:尺度对加热超音速射流远场压力偏斜和峰度的影响

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In heated supersonic jets, Mach wave radiation and crackle have been identified as dominant noise components that propagate to the downstream region of the jet, in a direction noted as the Mach wave angle. At certain conditions, the Mach waves coalesce in the near field causing steepening of the wavefront, which exceeding a certain level produces a noise feature called "crackle." The skewness and kurtosis of the pressure and its time derivative (dP/dt) have been widely studied as a measurement of crackle. In this paper, we investigate the impact of different test conditions and different nozzle exit diameters on the far-field high-order statistics of the pressure and dP/dt signals of three converging-diverging conical nozzles, with a design Mach number of 1.5 and jet exit diameters of 0.542, 0.813, and 1.085. Results are compared to a smooth contoured nozzle designed by the Method of Characteristics, with the same design Mach number. For all nozzles, cold and heated jets, TR=1.0 to 3.0, are tested at over, design, and under-expanded conditions. Second, third, and fourth order statistics are examined in three far-field arrays positioned at a non-dimensionalized constant radial distance of r=40De. The OASPL, skewness, and kurtosis magnitudes and their propagation angles are proportional to the jet temperature and the NPR, and have peak amplitudes near the Mach wave angle. The pressure skewness and kurtosis plots collapsed for all three scaled nozzles when the pressure signals were not filtered. The dP/dt statistics collapsed when the signals were downsampled proportional to the nozzle exit diameters, applying beforehand a low-pass filter at a proportional cutoff frequency, to avoid aliasing effects.
机译:在加热的超音速射流中,马赫波辐射和裂纹被确定为主要噪声分量,这些噪声会在标记为马赫波角的方向上传播到射流的下游区域。在某些条件下,马赫波在近场聚结,导致波前变陡,超过一定水平会产生称为“裂纹”的噪声特征。作为裂纹的量度,已经广泛研究了压力的偏度和峰度及其时间导数(dP / dt)。在本文中,我们研究了不同的测试条件和不同的喷嘴出口直径对三个马赫数为1.5且设计马赫数收敛的锥形喷嘴的压力和dP / dt信号的远场高阶统计量的影响。喷嘴出口直径为0.542、0.813和1.085。将结果与通过特征方法设计的,具有相同设计马赫数的光滑轮廓喷嘴进行比较。对于所有喷嘴,TR = 1.0到3.0的冷喷嘴和热喷嘴都在过度,设计和扩展不足的条件下进行了测试。在位于r = 40De的无量纲恒定径向距离处的三个远场阵列中检查了二阶,三阶和四阶统计量。 OASPL,偏度和峰度的大小及其传播角度与射流温度和NPR成正比,并且在马赫波角附近具有峰值幅度。当未过滤压力信号时,所有三个缩放喷嘴的压力偏斜度和峰度图均崩溃。当按照与喷嘴出口直径成比例的比例对信号进行降采样时,dP / dt统计数据崩溃,因此应事先以比例截止频率应用低通滤波器,以避免混叠效应。

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