Addressing Commercialization Issues for an Ex-Situ Oil Shale Process by Addressing Critical Operational Issues

摘要

Key issues that affect online reliability and process efficiency include: 1) particle size effect on extraction efficiency 2) control of kiln bed temperature (i.e., bed heat transfer) 3) solids/gas mixing efficiency 4) Particle size effect on extraction efficiency 1. The leachability of heavy metals in spent oil shale was studied and its importance as an environmental issue. 2. The results of leaching tests illustrated the impacts of solid-to-liquid ratio and increasing pH on the leachability of heavy metals and their concentration in the leachate. 3. Future work will include further development of an Aspen process model.