COMPARING THE RELATIVE CONTRIBUTION OF CROP RESIDUES, GRASS AND FOREST BIOMASS TO PRODUCE SECOND GENERATION BIOETHANOL IN VERACRUZ, MéXICO

摘要

Crop residues, grasses and fast growing forest species are considered as the most promissory source ofbiomass for second generation bioethanol. The state of Veracruz, located in the tropical southeastern México; with7.18 Mha has appropriate conditions to produce cereals, grasses and forest species. The objective of this work was toassess and map the potential contribution of crop residues, grasses and fast growing forest species to produce biomassas feedstock for second generation bioethanol in Veracruz. The simulation and mapping of biomass yield was madeusing the SWAT model, using cartography from INEGI. The data bases of soil, weather, crop management and cropphysiology were created from local research and related peer review literature. From the eight resulted maps the highyielding areas were selected, quantified and unified in one map, preventing overlaying. From this, the production offeedstock and second generation bioethanol was calculated. Results show that in 4.2 Mha., which represents the 58%of the area of Veracruz, it is possible to annually harvest 97.26 Mt of dry biomass to produce 40.96 GL of secondgeneration bioethanol. By far, grasses offer the most suitable and land-efficient option to produce second generationbioethanol.