RFID-based Vehicle Positioning of Cooperative Driving Assistance Systems

摘要

Cooperative Driving Assistance Systems (CDAS) require high vehicle positioningaccuracy, but current applications of vehicle positioning are still unsatisfactory inmany aspects. Those include: the position accuracy is low for the GlobalPositioning System (GPS); sometimes GPS signal is lost or degraded; theDifferential Global Positioning System (DGPS) needs many base stations whichincrease the cost and highly accurate E-map which many countries can’t providedue to service restrictions; and the cost of an inertial system or its fusion withGPS is high. This paper proposes a vehicle positioning approach based on RadioFrequency Identification (RFID) and velocity information, and provides a novelverification and calibration method by using a photoelectric switch as the groundtruth. Test results have shown that the positioning error is less than 1m invarious driving speeds, which meet the accuracy requirements for CDAS. Besidevehicle position, RFID tag can also provide information on lane ID, drivingdirection, distance to stop line, and road curvature and gradient etc., which meetdifferent road geometry requirements of CDAS, including intersection and curvedroad, for performance enhancement.