We compared the existing regulation on management of radioactive and non-radioactive wastes with the ideal legislation procedures for protection of environment. The comparison revealed the necessity of risk-based regulation, consideration for ethics and cost-effectiveness of the regulation, and optimal usage of regulation resources. In order to assess the cost-effectiveness of several different waste disposal options, the concept of disposal cost per unit radiotoxicity (mSv or m~3) in waste (CPR hereafter) was introduced and calculated. The results revealed that current disposal option of high level radioactive waste (underground burial) was more cost-effective than that of TENORM and asbestos containing waste.
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