The present paper has clarified the failure mechanism of an armoured caisson breakwater against waves of a variety of heights and periods. These waves were classified into three different types, non-breaking, breaking and "overtopping", and the loading time histories and characteristics of each type was established. Understanding the failure mechanism is important to attempt to apply the method of Esteban et al. (2007), originally designed for caisson breakwaters, to armoured caisson breakwaters.
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