Structural materials sciences in problems of life time and safety of technical systems

摘要

The achievements in science of structural materials (physics of strength, fracture theories, fracture mechanics, materials science, and mechanics of heterogeneous materials) are the basic for solving the safety problems of technical systems (TS). Interrelationship of requisition to materials, structures and technologies predetermine common requirements to safety of TS and the necessity to solve direct and inverse problems of materials science. The direct problems represent the making of new materials with higher mechanical properties and crack resistance for certain class of TS. The inverse problems include the design of materials with specified structure and properties for perspective and special TS according to their functionality. In this context the complex researches on material structure, mechanical properties, crack resistance and limit conditions have been carried out. The tasks of life design and safety have been solved. The work was supported by RFBR, grant 11-08-00945.