Development of Regulatory Documents for Creation (Upgrade) of Physical Protection Systems under the Russian/American MPCA Program

摘要

The development of new or the upgrade of existing physical protection systems (PPS) for nuclearfacilities involves a multi-step and multidimensional process. The process consists of conceptualdesign, design, and commissioning stages. The activities associated with each of these stages aregoverned by Russian government and agency regulations. To ensure a uniform approach todevelopment or upgrading of PPS at Russian nuclear facilities, the development of a range ofregulatory and methodological documents is necessary. Some issues of PPS development arecovered by the regulatory documents developed by the State Corporation for Atomic Energy(Rosatom), as well as other Russian agencies with nuclear facilities under their control. Thisregulatory development has been accomplished as part of the U.S.-Russian Material Protection,Control and Accounting (MPC&A) Program cooperation or independently by the RussianFederation. While regulatory coverage is extensive, there are a number of issues such asvulnerability analysis, effectiveness assessment, upgrading PPS, and protection of informationsystems for PPS that require additional regulations be developed.Physical protection requirements for various Russian agencies and their respective facilities mayvary based on a number of factors. However, the design, development, and implementation ofany PPS should follow a standardized methodology or approach. In order to ensure uniformityof approaches to development or upgrading PPS across the various Russian agencies, as well asthe need to optimize design and development costs, a new approach to the development ofregulatory documents of mutual interest is being implemented. Under this approach, jointworking groups consisting of experts from various agencies develop a “model document,” whichis then enacted with minimal adjustments reflecting specific requirements of each agency. A“model document” ensures that certain standards are adhered to while at the same time providingenough flexibility in its implementation to allow agencies to meet their respective needs. Thisapproach eliminates the need to develop completely separate documents for different agencies.This paper reports on the status of regulatory coverage for PPS development or upgrade, andoutlines a new approach to regulatory document development. It describes the evolutionaryprocess of regulatory development through experience gained in the design, development andimplementation of PPS as well as experience gained through the cooperative efforts of Russianand U.S. experts involved the development of MPC&A regulations.