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Development of Adapted Heat Treatments for Steels out of the Semi- solid State after Thixoforming

机译:触变性成形后半固态钢的适应性热处理技术的发展

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The process of thixoforming incorporates a series of forming processes in the semi-solid state, which can be categorized between the conventional processes of forging and casting and combines the advantages of these processes. Thixoforming of steels in the semi-solid state, requires round, solid particles (globulites) in a liquid matrix which is deformed with low forming forces. In order to achieve laminar material flow and to produce segregation-free components, the material must fulfil diverse criteria. First, the melting interval should be as large as possible for an easy temperature regulation. Next, low solidus and liquidus temperatures are advantageous regarding tool loading. Additionally, thixoformable steels should show a melting behaviour that is finegrained and globular. Furthermore, these steels should possess low contents of intraglobular liquid phase fractions.This paper gives a survey of the current state of steel Thixoforming and deals with the development of adaptive heat treatment strategies. Regarding the structure formation and the development of suitable heat treatment strategies, the once semi-solid state yields new structures that can be applied in ways not previously possible with conventional hardening processes. New microstructures and up to date unknown better mechanical properties can be adjusted with an optimised heat treatment strategy. By this, new fields of application for thixo-materials can be entered and also advanced procedures for special applications can be established. For example the steel X210CrW 12 leads to a very hard material with high wear-resistance, which can be used at higher temperatures than the conventional hardened material. In general, new generic microstructures after thixoforming results in unexpected favourable mechanical properties. Problems arise with respect to segregation and pores which resulting in inhomogeneous property distributions.
机译:触变成型工艺结合了一系列半固态成型工艺,可以将其分类为传统的锻造和铸造工艺,并结合了这些工艺的优势。半固态钢的触变性需要在液态基质中形成圆形的固态颗粒(球状颗粒),并以低的成型力使其变形。为了实现层流材料并产生无偏析的成分,材料必须满足各种标准。首先,为了易于调节温度,熔化间隔应尽可能大。其次,对于工具装载,低固相线和液相线温度是有利的。另外,可触变成形的钢应表现出细晶粒和球状的熔融行为。此外,这些钢应具有低含量的球状液相分数。 本文对钢触变成形的现状进行了调查,并探讨了自适应热处理策略的发展。关于结构的形成和合适的热处理策略的发展,曾经是半固态的新结构可以用传统的硬化工艺以前无法实现的方式进行应用。新的微观结构和迄今未知的更好的机械性能可以通过优化的热处理策略进行调整。这样,可以进入触变材料的新应用领域,并且可以建立特殊应用的高级程序。例如,钢X210CrW 12导致具有非常高的耐磨性的非常硬的材料,与常规的硬化材料相比,该材料可以在更高的温度下使用。通常,触变成型后的新通用微观结构会带来意想不到的有利机械性能。关于偏析和孔隙出现问题,导致不均匀的特性分布。

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