The Impact of Polymer-Particle Interaction on the Mechanical Properties of Polyurethane Nanocomposites

摘要

The use of submicron-particles to enhance properties of polymeric materials is practiced in many applications including coatings, adhesives, sealants and elastomers. From a general frame of reference, the rheological, mechanical, thermal, optical, and electrical performance of particle-polymer composites is governed by two main physical parameters namely: the state of particle dispersion in the polymer matrix and the particle-matrix interfacial strength. In this work the impact of particle surface chemistry, which governs particle-polymer interaction, and the influence of morphology are discussed. The reinforcement of urethane rubbers, two-part cast elastomers and thermoplastic elastomers with hydrophobic aciniform silica particles is discussed in light of polymer-particle interaction. The data illustrate the potential for improving mechanical properties if the particle and polymer are well-matched and the trade-offs involved in balancing properties.