WATER REUSE IN COOLING TOWERS - CURRENT EXPERIENCES AND GUIDELINES FOR SUCCESS IN REFINERIES, POWER PLANTS, AND HVAC SYSTEMS

摘要

Water reuse in cooling tower systems is a growing trend and will be a future requirement for fresh water conservation. Reuse of municipal waste water effluent has shown to provide numerous advantages in addition to water conservation. Case histories will provide data on water and chemical treatment cost reductions as well as waste water reduction and improved cooling system protection. Examples will be given of cooling tower systems in petroleum refineries, utility power stations, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems. Guidelines for successful water reuse are based on recent documentation throughout the USA and will be included in the paper.