Development of a high yielding Indian mustard hybrid DMH-1

摘要

Dhara mustard hybrid-1 (DMH-1) of Brassica juncea has been developed from a cross between Indian gene pool variety Pusa Bold and EH-2 a mutant of east European line Heera. DMH- 1 uses a cytoplasmic male sterility system designated as' 126-1'.Cytoplasm '126-1' was identified as a spontaneous variant among the doubled haploid population of Indian synthetic B. napus ISN 706. The CMS was transferred from B. napus to B. juncea cv. Pusa Bold by recurrent backcrossing. Since then this CMS has been transferred to a large number of breeding lines and varieties of B. juncea. A unique feature of this CMS is that any line can be a maintainer on repeated backcrossing and any line other than the maintainer line can be a restorer in the F1 generation. This, '126-1' is a unique and robust CMS system for hybrid seed production in B. juncea. In the initial multlocation yield trial in small sized plots DMH-1 recorded 27.3% heterosis. In the next two consecutive growing seasons, viz. 2004-05, 2005-06 in multisite farmer's field demonstration trials, DMH-1 recorded an average heterosis of 29.28% and 28.5%, respectively, over the best national and/or local commercial checks. These trials were conducted in one acre sized plots. About 405 minikits were also distributed to farmers in 14 districts of mustard growing belt during 2005-06 growing season. DMH-1 gave an average heterosis of 17.53 % over the best local and commercial checks in these trials. Maximum yield potential of DMH-1 hybrid was recorded as 3.29 tons/hectare in demonstration trials and 3.78 tons/hectare in minikit trials.