Experiment Study of Conservation Tillage in Northof China

摘要

China is one of the main dryland farming countries. There are drought, poor soil andyield, heavy water and wind erosion existed on the huge dry land area in northern of China.From 1991, China Agricultural University cooperated with Shanxi Farm Machinery Bureau andso on, started systematic Conservation Tillage (CT) experiments combined agronomy andmechanization research together. For research purpose, 6 experiment trial sites, 1 watererosion site and 1 wind erosion site have been set up in Shanxi and Hebei provinces,respectively. More than 10 years experiments approved that, CT is suitable for china situationand has great benefits. The trial results show that CT can reduce water erosion 80%, winderosion 60%; it can increase water use efficiency and improve soil fertility, therefore raise theyield around 9-18%. Another benefit is operation cost reduced 20-25%. During 10 more years,14 models in 3 kinds of light CT implements have been developed, those meet ChineseAgricultural Condition and suitable to different areas. Under government supporting, right now,CT has been tested and demonstrated in 13 provinces of North China, with total about 800,000hm2, which indicates that CT in china has been moved into the demonstration stag fromexperiment stag. The problems related with CT demonstration and extension, like suitable areasfor CT adoption, extens ion approaches of CT, what Characters of Chinese CT are discussed.