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Categories of observer error from eye-tracking and AFROC data

机译:眼动仪和AFROC数据中观察者错误的类别

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Twenty-four volunteer observers were divided into groups of eight radiologists, eight radiographers and eight novices to carry out a pulmonary nodule detection task on a test bank of 120 digitised PA chest radiographs. The eight radiographers were tested twice: before and after a six-month training programme in interpretation of the adult chest radiograph. During each test session the observers eye movements were tracked. Data on the observers' decisions through AFROC methodology were correlated to their eye-movement and fixation patterns. False negative error-rates were recorded as 41% for the radiologists, 45% for the novices, 47% for the radiographers before training and 42% for the radiographers after training. The errors were sub-classified into search, recognition and decision errors depending on the duration of the fixation-time for each faulty response. Errors due to satisfaction of search were determined from images with multiple nodules. Differences between the groups were shown. Errors due to inefficient search were in the minority for all the observer groups and the dominant cause of unreported nodules was incorrect decision-making. True negative decisions from all observers were associated with shorter fixation times than false negative decisions. No correct negative decisions were made after fixations exceeding three seconds.
机译:24名志愿者观察员被分成八名放射线医师,八名放射线照相师和八名新手组成的小组,以在120台数字化PA胸部放射线照相的测试库上执行肺部结节检测任务。八名射线照相师接受了两次测试:在为期六个月的成人胸片影像学解释训练课程之前和之后。在每个测试阶段,跟踪观察者的眼睛运动。通过AFROC方法获得的观察者决策数据与他们的眼动和注视方式相关。放射科医生的假阴性错误率分别为41%,新手45%,放射线技师训练前的47%和放射线技师训练后的42%。根据每个错误响应的固定时间长短,将错误分为搜索错误,识别错误和决策错误。从具有多个结节的图像中确定由于搜索满意而导致的错误。显示了组之间的差异。由于搜索效率低下而导致的错误在所有观察者组中都是少数,未报告结节的主要原因是错误的决策。与假阴性决定相比,来自所有观察者的真实阴性决定与更短的注视时间相关。注视时间超过三秒后,没有做出正确的负面决定。

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