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A Study of Replicators and Hypercycles by Typogenetics

机译:复制和超循环的系统发育研究

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A Typogenetics is a formal system designed to study origins of life from a "premordial soup" of DNA molecules, enzymes and other building materials. It was introduced by Hofstadter in his book Dialogues with Goedel, Escher, Bach: An Eternal Golden Braid [17]. Autoreplicating molecules and systems of mutually replicating and catalyzing molecules (hypercycles) were modeled in the present paper in a very simplified way. Abstracted molecules in a form of strands are used in a model of a vessel, where "chemical reactions" occur. The approach is very similar to evolutionary algorithms. While a small hypercycle of two molecules mutually supporting their reproduction can be created without extreme difficulties, it is nearly impossible to create a hypercycle involving more than 4 autoreplicators at once. This paper demonstrates, that larger hypercycles can be created by an optimization and inclusion of new molecules into a smaller hypercycle. Such a sequential construction of hypercycles can substantially reduce the combinatorial complexity in comparison with a simultaneous optimization of single components of a large hypercycle.
机译:Typogenetics是一个正式的系统,旨在研究DNA分子,酶和其他建筑材料的“前汤”的起源。它是由霍夫施塔特在他的《与戈德尔,埃舍尔,巴赫的对话:永恒的金辫子》一书中介绍的[17]。本文以非常简化的方式对自动复制分子以及相互复制和催化分子(超环)的系统进行了建模。以链形式提取的分子用于发生“化学反应”的容器模型中。该方法与进化算法非常相似。尽管可以创建两个相互支持其复制的分子的小超循环而没有极端困难,但几乎不可能一次创建一个涉及四个以上自动复制器的超循环。本文证明,可以通过优化并将新分子包含到较小的超循环中来创建较大的超循环。与同时优化大型超级循环的单个组件相比,超级循环的这种顺序构建可以大大降低组合的复杂性。

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