COST BENEFIT ANALYSIS OF EARTHQUAKE PROTECTION PROGRAMME THROUGH RETROFITTING OF NON-ENGINEERED BUILDINGS

摘要

Perhaps, this is rightly said that the "earthquake don't kill people; but the buildings do". In this context, particularly, the earthquake resistant technology, which is now being adapted all over the world, is particularly more relevant to the modern age disaster management for the building constructions. It is noteworthy, that there are still a good number of the living structures, which may not resist the earthquake shocks. No wonder many researchers are working in this field of seismic strength assessment: and methodologies have been developed for different types of building constructions. Their retrofitting against the seismic forces can further strengthen these building structures. It is noted that over 60% of the people killed in the earthquake due to collapse of the masonry buildings. These buildings can be upgraded by various retrofitting techniques depending upon the materials and the characteristics of the buildings. To reduce the seismic hazard in any area under the disaster protection plans there is a need for the fund allocation for the retrofitting programmes. However, to decide the priority and the amount to be allocated for retrofitting out of the total budget allocation of disaster mitigation programmes, there is the need for the assessment of the necessity and advantages of these programs. This could be achieved through the proper Cost Benefit Analysis of the retrofitting planning. The Cost Benefit Analysis depends on the estimation of the tangible and non-tangible losses. The loss estimation, however depends on wide range of various factors and many other parameters. The objective of the paper is to present and compare the methodologies for estimating the tangible and intangible losses in context with the non engineered buildings. This is being achieved through the comparison of two similar buildings: one which is retrofitted ; and the other which is not retrofitted. The tangible and non-tangible losses for both the buildings are being estimated for the life of the building. Further, The comparison is made to project the benefit to cost involved in the retrofitted. The outcomes of the work will bring out the indicators to be considered for the loss estimation and Cost Benefit Analysis in the developing countries. The effects of these indicators on the loss estimation and Cost Benefit Analysis will be projected with the help of a model by way of the studies of the above. The benefits will accrue in terms of the loss savings. The loss estimation model will become the data source for the Cost Benefit Analysis model. The result and the conclusion of the work will be focused in the final paper with the help of facts and figures.