Prospecting criteria and indicators of tungsten mineralization: The use of physical methods (NAA, EPR, PL spectroscopy)

摘要

Mineralogical-geochemical criteria and indicators for tungsten mineralization have been developed using physical methods of mineral investigation: neutron activation analysis (NAA), electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy (EPR) and photoluminescence spectroscopy (PL). Using NAA and PL studies, regular trends of rare-earth elements distributions in fluorites from tungsten deposits have been found. The ratio of Yb~(2+) and Eu~(2+) band intensities in PL spectra of fluorite, its average values and variations across one deposit or various deposit types proved to be efficient indicators of tungsten mineralization. Using EPR studies, the relationship between amounts of various types of Ti-centers, as well as concentrations of O_2~(3-) - and T-centers in quartz from tungsten mineral deposits have been found to be the most effective indicators of deposit formation processes.