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Influence of Connate water and condensate saturation on inertial effects in gas-condensate fields

机译:凝析水饱和度对凝析气田惯性效应的影响

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Reliable predictions of productivity decline of gas-condensate wells require a proper description of complex flow behavior occurring in the near wellbore region. In that region, high pressure gradient induces both large condensate saturation and high gas velocities which may lead to significant deviations from Darcy's law for gas permeability. At the present time, no physically relevant model does exist which takes into account these non-Darcian two phase flow phenomena. This paper presents a contribution to the improvement of the description of gas-condensate flowing properties in the near-wellbore region. A laboratory study has been performed with the aims (i) to estimate the influence of the pore structure on the gas inertial coefficient beta and (ii) to integrate the effect of the condensate dropout in the Forchheimer flow equation. Specific laboratory equipment has been built in order to perform gas-condensate displacements under conditions as representative as possible of near wellbor conditions i.e. pressure, temperature and velocities up to 1.5cm/s. Experiments were conducted to measure beta on sandpacks and sandstone core samples, with and without connate water saturation (Swi), using dry gas (N2) and analog gas-condensate systems (Cl-C3 mixtures). For dry gas floods, the measured beta-values were found in good agreement with previous published data. beta was found to increase with water (immobile) saturation. In addition a new correlation between beta and a mean pore radius, r sup *, is proposed. Gas-condensate steady state experiments performed at different values of condensate saturation showed that beta-values increased with the total liquid saturation. Finally a comprehensive methodology is presented to determine, for each specific application, the relevant parameters which must be taken into account to correctly predict the productivity decline.
机译:对凝析气井产能下降的可靠预测需要正确描述井眼附近地区发生的复杂流动行为。在该区域,高压梯度既引起大的凝析油饱和度,又引起高的气体流速,这可能导致与达西定律的气体渗透率发生明显偏差。目前,尚不存在考虑这些非达西两相流现象的物理相关模型。本文为改进近井眼区域凝析气流动特性的描述做出了贡献。已经进行了一项实验室研究,目的是(i)估算孔隙结构对气体惯性系数β的影响,以及(ii)将凝结水流失的影响整合到Forchheimer流量方程中。为了在接近井筒条件的最有代表性的条件下,即压力,温度和速度高达1.5cm / s的条件下进行凝析气驱替,已建造了专门的实验室设备。进行了实验,使用干燥气体(N2)和模拟气体冷凝物系统(Cl-C3混合物)在有和没有饱和水饱和度(Swi)的情况下测量沙袋和砂岩岩心样品的β。对于干气驱,发现测得的β值与先前发布的数据非常吻合。发现β随着水(固定)饱和度的增加而增加。另外,提出了β与平均孔半径r sup *之间的新关联。在不同凝结水饱和度值下进行的气体凝结水稳态实验表明,β值随总液体饱和度的增加而增加。最后,提出了一种综合的方法来确定每个特定应用的相关参数,必须正确考虑这些参数才能正确预测生产率的下降。

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