Realistic Modelling of Toxic Gas Releases for Risk Assessment

摘要

Quantitative Risk Assessment (QRA) has developed into a routine methodology for aiding decision making. The UK Health & Safety Executive (HSE) uses this technique to advise is based on prediction of risk, and relies on well-founded frequency data, detailed consequence modelling and defensible criteria. Models of toxic gas dispersion are important in the assessment of risk. Current models generally incorporate rather simplistic assumptions about the nature of the physical, chemical and thermodynamic processes which occur, and the influence of buildings and local topography is frequently neglected. This paper describes an ongoing research programme which is aimed at developing and validating more sophisticated dispersion models, in particular, Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) techniques.