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A critical assessment of the minimalist approach to documentation

机译:对极简文档编制方法的严格评估

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摘要

Carroll's (1991) minimal manual has been considered an important advance in teaching first-time users the basics of computer programs. Unfortunately, it is not very clear what minimalism really means. Practitioners, for example, will find it difficult to create their own minimal manual because the principles of minimalism have not been described in enough detail (see Horn, 1992; Tripp, 1990). It is also not yet settled that a minimalist approach is the most effective one because critical experiments have hardly been conducted. This study therefore closely examines the minimalist principles and claims.

This paper describes the basic ideas of minimalism, its design principles and how they can be operationalized. A parallel is drawn between a minimalist and constructivist perspective on learning and instruction. Like minimalism, constructivism places a high value on experience-based learning in context-rich environments. Like minimalism, it stresses the need to capitalize on the learner's prior knowledge as much as possible. And like minimalism, constructivists urge learners to follow their own plans and goals, to make inferences, and to abstract principles from what they experience (see Duffy & Jonassen, 1991, 1992).

An experiment is reported that examines the claims of minimalism. Strong and significant gains on several factors were found, all favoring the minimal manual over a control (conventional) manual. The discussion points to several issues that minimalism has yet to address.

机译:卡洛尔(Carroll,1991)的最低限度手册被认为是在向初次使用者教授计算机程序基础知识方面的一项重要进步。不幸的是,目前还不清楚极简主义到底意味着什么。例如,从业人员会发现很难创建自己的最低限度手册,因为极简主义的原理尚未得到足够详细的描述(参见Horn,1992; Tripp,1990)。由于几乎没有进行严格的实验,因此极简主义方法是最有效的方法,这一点也尚未解决。因此,本研究仔细研究了极简主义原则和主张。

本文介绍了极简主义的基本概念,其设计原理以及如何对其进行操作。在学习和指导的极简主义和建构主义观点之间有相似之处。与极简主义一样,建构主义在上下文丰富的环境中也非常重视基于经验的学习。像极简主义一样,它强调需要尽可能多地利用学习者的先验知识。就像极简主义一样,建构主义者敦促学习者遵循自己的计划和目标,进行推理,并从他们的经验中抽象出原理(见Duffy&Jonassen,1991,1992)。

据报道,有一项实验检查了极简主义的主张。发现在多个因素上取得了可观且显着的进步,所有这些因素都比起控制(传统)手册,更倾向于使用最小的手册。讨论指出了极简主义尚未解决的几个问题。

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