Computers are expanding their target of augmentation from individuals and groups to societies. While people in a group share a definite goal, people in a society share their achievements in the form of their knowledge. The augmentation of societies requires a new type of media that can carry varieties of knowledge resources, replicate themselves, recombine themselves, and be naturally selected by their environment. They may be called meme media since they carry what R. Dawkins called "memes". An accumulation of memes in a society forms a meme pool that functions like a gene pool. When economic activities are introduced, a meme pool becomes a meme market where providers and distributors of memes carry their business without prohibiting users reediting and redistributing memes. Meme Media Laboratory established in Oct. 1996 are conducting the research on meme media and meme market architectures.
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