Natural diamond detector as high energy particles spectrometer

摘要

Natural Diamond Detectors (NDD) were developed in Russia and have been used for deuterium-tritium (DT) neutron, and energetic particles spectrometry during high power tokamak experiments. The NDD itself has a metal-insulator-metal structure, where metal is Au, Ti/Mo/Au or Ti/Pt/Au and insulator is selected very pure natural diamond. A high band gap, resistivity and break down resistance, large saturation velocity and mean free drift time (10-15 ns) are very important properties for materials for radiation detectors. Spectrometry application of NDD based on big (up to some mm) charge collection distance of selected natural diamonds. The energy resolution of our best detectors was in the range 1.5-3%. Such high resolution coupled with the high radiation resistance of diamonds (5*10/sup 14/ n/cm/sup 2/) provided their successful application for 14 MeV neutron spectrometry and flux monitoring in experiments on SNEG-13, FNG, NS neutron generators, and tokamaks TFTR and JT-60U. The possibility of its operation at extremely high temperatures makes the NDD ideal for neutron and high energy particles spectrometry in future burning plasma and other high energy physics experiments.